Effectiveness of non-invasive mechanical ventilation in patients with acute respiratory failure

Background : the predictive factors of success of non-invasive mechanical ventilation in patients with acute respiratory failure are important to define their progress. Objective : to determine the effectiveness of non-invasive mechanical ventilation through successful predictors as heart rate, respiratory rate, mean arterial pressure, PaCO 2 , PaO 2 , PaO 2 / FiO 2 and the Glasgow Scale, in patients of the intensive care wards of the "Manuel Ascunce Domenech" Hospital, Camagüey, from March 21, 2016 to March 21, 2017. Methods : a quasi-experimental study was carried out, taking patients with criterion of acute respiratory failure to whom non-invasive mechanical ventilation was performed and were compared to those who required invasive ventilation. The sample consisted of 51 patients divided into two groups: one of 38 patients who underwent non-invasive mechanical ventilation and another group of 13 patients who had not resolved and were treated invasively. Results : all the used successful predictors showed the effectiveness of non-invasive mechanical ventilation in the clinical diagnoses, with significance for the outcome in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (76,47 %), bronchial asthma (81,81 %) and post-extubation acute respiratory failure (75 %). The physiological parameters decreased at the end of the assessment, with a statistically significant increase for the Glasgow Scale of 16,7±1,2. Average incremental changes were estimated for pH (7,40), PaCO 2 (97,6), SaO 2 (100,5) and the PaO 2 / FiO 2 ratio (286,3). Conclusions : the successful predictors made it possible to assess the satisfactory progress of the patients with non-invasive mechanical ventilation.