Technological development and Prospect of Sustainable buildings

Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a tool that can be used to evaluate an environmental load of a product, process, or activity throughout its life cycle and it has also been widely utilized. Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) – also called Life-Cycle Analysis – is a tool for examining the total environmental impact of a product through every step of its life – from obtaining raw materials all the way through making it in a factory, selling it in a store, using it in the workplace or at home, and disposing of it. Buildings consume a vast amount of energy during the life cycle stages of construction, use, and demolition. Total life cycle energy use in a building consists of two components: embodied and operational energy. Embodied energy is expended in the processes of building material production, on-site delivery, construction, maintenance, renovation, and final demolition. Operational energy is consumed in operating the buildings. Studies have revealed the growing significance of embodied energy inherent in buildings and have demonstrated its relationship to carbon emissions. The building sector has a significant influence over the total natural resource consumption and on the emissions released. Today the green building is the only way for the construction industry to move towards achieving sustainable development, taking into account environmental, socioeconomic and cultural issues.