Synthesis of high quality zeolite from alum sludge for water treatment applications

Conventional drinking water treatment plants generate large volume of wastes, such as alum sludge, which is associated with environmental liability and adds to the cost of water purification. Hence, there is a crucial need to develop an alternative “green” strategy of alum sludge reuse. This thesis is the first comprehensive investigation of alum sludge recycling by conversion into high value product, LTA zeolite, and its successful application in water treatment industry for hardness removal. This pathway effectively contributes to the improvement of waste management and more sustainable water treatment operations as a crucial component of circular economy.