The Exposure Effect of Water Pipe Smoke (WPS) on the Total Count leukocyte, Mitotic Index, Micronucleus Formation and Chromosome Aberration in Albino Male Mice

The present study was carried out to evaluate the hematological and cytogenetic effects of waterpipe smoke (WPS) in albino male mice. The investigated parameters were total count ofleukocytes (TCL), mitotic index (MI), micronucleus (MN) formation and chromosomalaberrations. The results of our study showed that, mice were exposed to WPS using a specialinhalation glass chamber (whole body exposure). Mice exposed daily to 100 puffs of WPS on thebases of (1h exposure per day). The exposure experiment continued daily for the periods of 3, 5, 7weeks consequently. The results revealed that the TCL significantly decreased in the second andthird treatment (5930, 4120 cell/ cu. mm. blood) respectively, in comparison to control (6200 cell/cu. mm. blood), while the MI decreased in all 3 treatment after 3, 5, 7 weeks. Nevertheless, boththe MN cells and chromosomal aberration remain the same percentage as the control in the firsttreatment and then began to be higher than the control in the second and third treatment. Theresults indicated that the WPS has cytotoxic and mutagenic effects, according to the obtainedresults of MN cells and chromosomal aberration assays in the three types of treatment.