Short-term effects of grazing intensity on soil stoichiometric characteristics of typical grassland in the agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China.

) had no significant effect on soil TC after three years. The moderate grazing intensity significantly reduced soil TN in 10-20 cm layer in 2019. The light, moderate, and heavy grazing intensities significantly increased soil C/N at 10-20 cm layer, while grazing intensities did not affect soil DOC, DN and DOC/DN. The soil DOC and DN content showed a decreasing trend with the increase of grazing intensity in 2019. It indicated that continuous high intensity grazing might reduce soil dissolved nutrients. The light grazing inten-sity increased soil MBC, while heavy grazing intensity reduced soil MBC significantly, with the increase of grazing year. Different grazing intensities did not affect soil MBN and MBC/MBN.