RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES OF THE I. NATIONAL ARCHITECTURE PERIOD; EXAMPLES OF ISTANBUL

I.st National Architecture style, which emerged with the tendencies of nationalism and Turkism that developed with the II. Constitutional Monarchy and tried to create a national architecture, influenced Turkish architecture at the beginning of the 20th century. The effects of this historicist architectural approach, which emerged as a result of the reaction to the effects of western architects, architectural styles and western architects on architectural education at the Academy (Sanayi-i Nefise Mektebi), continued until 1927. With the I. National Architecture Movement, which started to give the first examples by architect Kemalettin Bey and his friends in 1910, Turkish architects turned to a new style in which Seljuk and Ottoman architecture and traditional Turkish house were dominant in form-mass and decoration. In this period when the historical heritage is tried to be revived, a Turkish eclecticism that makes references to the past with these tendencies emerges. Supported by the government of the period, this style is used in many public buildings. While the I.st National Architecture Movement was very successful in all kinds of public buildings, it could not give the desired result in residential buildings. Most of the residential buildings built during this period were destroyed, and few examples from this period in Istanbul, Ankara and Izmir have survived. In this study, some examples of the less researched residential buildings of the I.st National Architectural Movement in Istanbul will be selected and these examples will be examined in terms of plan, mass composition and facade features, and it will be tried to obtain information about the residential architecture of the period in Istanbul.