Review of "orogenic plateau"

Plateaus on earth can be subdivided into two categories: craton plateau and orogenic plateau. Craton plateau normally developed on Precambrian basement or stable craton, which is characterized by simple, homogeneous, stable, cold and strong old basement, such as Brazilian Plateau, Colorado Plateau, Ethiopia Plateau, South African Plateau, Middle Siberia Plateau, Deccan Plateau, and so on. Basement of orogenic plateau is always composed by different orogenic units. The orogenic plateau could be separated into subducted orogenic plateau and collisional orogenic plateau two groups. The Middle Andean Plateau, formed overlying eastward subducted Pacific plate, belongs the subducted orogenic plateau. While, the Tibetan Plateau possess complex and uninformed soft basements which have experienced multiple phase orogeny. New research results illustrate that the Tibetan Plateau begin uplifted during Early Cretaceous, it may be related with closure of Bangong-Nujiang Ocean at 120 similar to 140Ma. However, India-Asian collision (60 similar to 50Ma) and concomitantly low angle under thrust of Indian lithosphere beneath Tibetan Plateau lead to the Plateau finally elevated over 4000 similar to 5000m.