Enhance Efficiency Plant Regeneration of 3 Genotypes Cactus In Vitro

Enhance efficiency plant regeneration of three cactus species including Gymnocalycium damsii, Echinocereus rigidissimus and Echinocactus grusonii were studied. The objective was to investigate the effects of sucrose, explant types and BA on proliferation, growth and development of cactus. The shoot at size of 0.5 cm of three genotypes cactus were uncut halves and longitudinally cut pieces and cultured on MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium supplemented with 0, 15, 30 and 45 g/l sucrose. After 8 weeks of culture, the results found that each species gave various responses to different concentrations of sucrose. The explant uncut longingly of G. damsii cultured on MS medium supplemented with 15 g/L sucrose gave the highest shoot induction at 35.05%, number of shoot (1.28 shoots/explant) and number of root (1.60 roots/explant). For Echinocereus rigidissimus, the explant cut longingly and cultured on MS medium supplemented with 45 g/L sucrose gave the highest shoot induction at 60.25% and number of shoot (7.53 shoots/explant). The explants cut longingly of Echinocactus grusonii and cultured on MS medium supplemented with 45 g/l sucrose gave the highest shoot induction at 36.18% and number of shoot (3.69 shoots/explant). On the other hand, the explant uncut longingly of Echinocactus grusonii and cultured on MS medium supplemented with 15 g/L sucrose gave the highest shoot length (8.60 mm.), root induction (16.35%), number of root (11.50 roots/explant) and root length (2.40 mm). For effect of BA on growth and development of 3 genotypes cactus, the results showed that shoot of G. damsii and Echinocereus rigidissimus cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l BA gave the highest shoot induction (60.25 and 75.25%) and number of shoot (10.40 and 3.53 shoots/explant), respectively, after 4 weeks of culture. On the other hand, shoot of E. grusonii cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/l BA gave the highest shoot induction at 67.25% and number of shoots at 2.27 shoots/explant.