Dilemmas of the amendment to the Code of Civil Procedurę of 4 July 2019 as seen in the case of Article 1861 of the Code of Civil Procedure - selected issues

The subject of this paper involves issues related to the statics of the lawsuit. Herein, defective legislative technique applied in the contents of Article 1861 of the Code of Civil Procedure is indicated. The use of indefinite phrases lacking an explicit designation of terminology is pointed out: “the writ (...), the contents of which do not imply the request to recognise a civil-case litigation” or “exceptional circumstances justifying initiation of proceedings”. It is stated within that allowing the possibility of returning by the president the writ filed as an action stipulated in Article 1861 of the Code of Civil Procedure should be de facto and de iure considered as a potential possibility of depriving the party of any path to assert claims and thus, limits their constitutional right to court. It is also underlined herein that such a situation can lead to too far-reaching and undesirable discrepancies in court practice in the scope of application thereof, since particular judges and judging panels (in recognition of e.g. a complaint) can interpret this norm differently. This may lead to situations where civil proceedings become an unforeseeable and disordered activity, as well as to situations where the loss of a guarantee to a fair trial is of significance for the participants thereof.