Evaluation and zoning of Karstic transformation using the hierarchical analysis method(AHP) (Case study: Kalat mountainous basin, Razavi Khorasan)

The karst transformation process is a complex process influenced by various variables. Understanding the factors contributing to the development and zoning of karst evolution has a special place in the studies of karst land management and resources. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and zoning of karst development potential in Kalat mountain basin in Khorasan Razavi province using AHP method. In this study, using hierarchical analysis, lithology information layers, slope distance, slope direction, elevation, distance from stream, distance from fault and land use were considered as operating maps. Also, in order to extract the karst development potential model, the above layers were invoked in GIS environment. The different layers of information were classified as benchmarks by expert judgment and field visits. Finally, according to the obtained weight, karst development zoning map was obtained. The results showed that out of the total area of Kalat basin, 19.04% were in the less developed class, 24.57% in the under developed class, 42.88% in the middle class and 14.38% in the developed class. The lithology factor of the region with the highest value of 0.53 was the most important factor controlling karst development potential in the study area. It is dedicated. The results show that geological factors ، altitude ، topography and distance from the waterway respectively have the most important role in the current karst development in this region.