ELEŞTİREL TEORİ VE POZİTİVİZM ELEŞTİRİSİ

The aim of this study is to give information about critical theory which is one of the most effective theories of the 21st century. In this sense, what is critical theory and when and under what conditions it occurs is tackled. In the study, it is also mentioned that critical theory, which is affected by historical conditions, focuses critical thinking about which fields and then criticisms about positivism are included. In this sense, it is clear that ‘’giving a kind of enlightening and liberating formation ‘’ critical thinking targets ‘’to see beyond’’. It is possible to speak of a relationship between critical theory and the Frankfurt School. The Frankfurt School is a philosophical school with many different interests and ideas. Critical theory likewise considers that the problems of the era are not viewed from a single name but from different angles. In this way, it will be possible to reveal the real structure of society. Therefore, because of these approaches, critical theory and the Frankfurt School are often referred to together. Criticism of positivism for theory is one of its reasons. Indeed, according to critical theorists, positivism lacks the world of truth. While positivism highlights the cases, it eliminates the meaning. Therefore, the critical theory, whose mission is to show how to go, criticizes positivism with the critique of the disappearance of values by reducing them to facts in today's world. Therefore, in this study, the critiques of critical theory on positivism will be shown, and the implications of positivism in today's world will be discussed with reference to philosophers who advocate critical theory. In this way, critical theory and the necessity of a liberating system of thought will emerge.