Seroprevalence of Trypanosoma evansi in camels using CATT/T. evansi technique in Borno and Yobe states, Nigeria

Trypanosoma evansi is an important camel pathogen with dissimilar mammalian hosts and is the most widely distributed pathogenic animals' trypanosomes worldwide that affects domesticated animals. Four hundred and six blood samples were collected using homogeneous purposive sampling techniques from camels of all age groups (206 from Borno State and 200 from Yobe State, Nigeria). Each animal was examined and information on age and gender were recorded. The card agglutination test for T. evansi (CATT/T. evansi) was used to estimate the seroprevalence of T. evansi infection. The seroprevalence of T. evansi based on age and sex in Borno State, Nigeria was 38.83% (95% CI = 32.44%, 45.63%) in adult camels, whereas, the seroprevalence of T. evansi in young camels was significantly lower 2.91%, (95% CI = 1.34%, 6.20%), p < 0.05). The seroprevalence of T. evansi in male camels was estimated at 14.08% (95% CI = 9.99, 19.49) whereas, in female camels the seroprevalence was estimated at 27.67% (95% CI = 22.01%, 34.15%, p < 0.05). Furthermore, the seroprevalence of T. evansi in Yobe State, Nigeria in the adult camels was 27.50% (95% CI = 21.78%, 34.07%) whereas, the seroprevalence of T. evansi in young camels was 19.00%, (95% CI = 14.17%, 25.00%). The seroprevalence of T. evansi in male camels was 30.0% (95% CI = 24.07%, 36.68%), whereas, the seroprevalence of T. evansi in female camels was 16.5% (95% CI = 12.00%, 22.27%). Therefore, the present study aimed to provide information on the seroprevalence of T. evansi and the related risk factors in camels in Borno and Yobe States, Nigeria using CATT/T. evansi technique.