Selection against toxin production in endophyte-infected perennial ryegrass

Strains of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) endophyte (Neotyphodium lolii) from nature can be selected by analysis of the alkaloid profiles in plants from diverse seed collections. Lolitrem B, ergovaline, and peramine are the alkaloids of primary interest. The selected endophytes can be cultured and transferred into improved cultivars or breeding lines to reduce or eliminate grazing animal toxicoses while significant plant protection qualities can be maintained. Because the endophytes are transmitted only through seed, stable infections with selected endophytes in pastures can be achieved. Keywords: alkaloids, endophyte, ergovaline, lolitrem, Neotyphodium lolii, peramine, perennial ryegrass