Simultaneous surgery for synchronous liver metastases of colorectal cancer: analysis of survival and negative prognosis factors

Aim. To improve the surgical treatment results among patients with synchronous liver metastasis of colorectal cancer. Materials and methods. From 2012 to 2019, the analysis of the results of treatment of 60 patients with colorectal cancer and synchronous metastatic liver disease was carried out. The study sample was divided into 2 groups of patients. The group 1 consisted of 30 patients who got simultaneous resection of liver metastases and primary colorectal cancer. The group 2 consisted of other 30 patients who got stage resections: surgery for the primary tumor at the first stage, and liver surgery for metastases at the second. Results. The median operative time was 340 ± 21.1 minutes in the group 1. In the group 2 it was 255 ± 21.1 minutes and only the liver resection stage was assessed. The median blood loss in patients of the group 1 was 520,0 [200,0;800,1] ml, in the group 2 it was 500,0 [175,0;1300,0] ml. In general, we identified 5 cases of complications. In the postoperative period, 4 patients died. The average follow-up period is 23 months. One-year survival in group 1 was 92.6%, in group 2 – 100%, three-year – 85.2% and 89.6%. One-year disease-free survival in group 1 is 70%, in group 2 – 83.3%, three-year disease-free survival – 43.3% and 36.7%.Overall and disease-free survival rates didn’t differ significantly between the two treatment strategies. We detected significant effect on the disease-free and overall survival of regional lymph nodes metastasis (both p < 0.05). Conclusion. The long-term and immediate results of simultaneous surgery of synchronous liver metastasis of colorectal cancer are comparable to the results of the staged method of treatment. It indicates the safety and effectiveness of simultaneous procedure.