Establishment and Evaluation of the Prevention and Control System of Respiratory-borne Diseases

Objective The aim of this study is to establish a hospital-based prevention and control system of respiratory-borne diseases for seasonal influenza and to verify the effect. Methods Influenza cases reported by Peking Union Medical College Hospital in the three flu seasons from November 2017 to February 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the location of occurrence, the influenza cases are divided into hospital influenza cases and non-hospital influenza cases. The incidence of influenza cases in hospital before and after the implementation of the prevention and control system of respiratory diseases were compared. Results A total of 5427 influenza cases that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected for this study. Among them, there were 335 cases (6.17%, 335/5427) of hospital influenza and 5092 cases (93.83%, 5092/5427) of non-hospital influenza. There were 1594 (29.37%, 1594/5427) influenza cases in the 2017-2018 influenza season, 2579 (47.52%, 2579/5427) cases in the 2018-2019 influenza season, and 1,254 (23.11%, 1254/5427) cases in the 2019-2020 influenza season.The incidence of hospital influenza of the 2019-2020 influenza season (3.51%) is much lower than those of the 2017-2018 influenza season (7.59%) and 2018-2019 influenza season (6.59%) (P 0.05). Compared with the 2017-2018 influenza season and 2018-2019 influenza season, the relative risk (RR) of hospital influenza cases in the 2019-2020 influenza season is 0.53 (95%CI:0.39-0.74) and 0.46 (95%CI:0.33-0.65) respectively. Conclusions Hospital-based prevention and control system of seasonal influenza may effectively prevent influenza cases from appearing in hospital.