Analyzing Vehicle-to-Everything Communication for Intelligent Transportation System: Journey from IEEE 802.11p to 5G and Finally Towards 6G

The rapid development of the Intelligent Transportation System increases the potential of Vehicular communication in a smart transportation network. Although there are several technological attempts to support vehicular communication, they have limitations from various perspectives including mobility, security, resource allocation, and device-to-device communication. In order to address those limitations, this study evaluates the most appropriate communication technology to transmit data in the future Vehicle to Everything (V2X) communication system. First, we conduct a performance evaluation of the current main vehicular communication system requirements. Then, we analyze the applications of communication technologies such as wi-fi, LTE, 5G, and 6G to fulfill the requirements of future V2X communication. Later, we explore the advanced features of 6G in the context of the Intelligent Transportation System. Then, we suggest that 6G technology as the corresponding communication technology to future V2X communication systems based on the analysis. Finally, we propose an architecture for the 6G V2X network and discuss security challenges and suggested solutions for the architecture.