Influence of the Material Structure and Properties on the Wear Resistance of Gears with Different Geometries

The article gives the description of experimental studies on the assessment of changes in the state of gear teeth of a mechanical transmission during tests on a stand with a closed power flow. Data on the gears made of cast iron materials are presented. The strength characteristics of gear wheel materials and their chemical composition are given. Operational life testing of gear sets with various geometries of gearing and made of gray cast was carried out. According to the conducted studies, it is found that by the optimization of the gearing parameters it is possible to increase the gear life by one and a half to two times without switching to more wear-resistant and durable materials. It is experimentally proved that the influence of geometrical parameters of gearing with combined displacement on the durability of gears is comparable with the replacement of material. When replacing the material of gears made of gray cast iron with alloy grades of cast iron, preference should be given to high-alloy wear-resistant cast iron with a surface hardness above average, and the effect of their use can be comparable to the effect of optimizing the gearing parameters.