Impact of compost on soil health

The horticulture industry is familiar with production practices targeted to improve the health and function of the soil. Soil health is defined as the continued capacity of the soil to function as a vital living ecosystem that sustains plants, animals and humans. The definition implies the management of the soil to provide food, shelter and water for future generations. This chapter reviewed scientific studies on the positive impacts of compost in soil physical, chemical and biological properties. Specific measurable indicators evaluated include soil organic matter, bulk density, water holding capacity, cation exchange capacity, pH and soil microbial respiration. The chapter concludes that compost can enhance soil health, recycle nutrients and potentially reduce nutrient leaching and environmental nutrient impact.