Over 10-Year Outcomes of Infantile-Onset Epilepsies

Seizures in infancy have highly variable courses and underlying etiologies. However, there are only a few long-term follow-up studies regarding infantile-onset epilepsy. Therefore, we aimed to describe the clinical courses, seizure outcomes, and risk factors of infantile-onset epilepsy followed up for more than 10 years in a tertiary center. Methods: Data of the patients with epilepsy, diagnosed under the age of 12 months and followed up for more than 10 years, were retrieved from the electronic medical records of Asan Medical Center Children’s Hospital. The patients’ medical records were retrospectively reviewed, and clinical outcomes were assessed based on the duration of seizure freedom at the last follow-up. Results: Of the 146 patients, 103 (70.5%) entered at least one remission, of whom epilepsy was resolved in 46 (31.5%). Forty-nine (33.6%) were found to be intractable at last contact. Delayed development, neurological deficits, and later onset (>3 months) were significantly associated with intractable epilepsies (p < 0.01). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that many patients with infantile-onset epilepsy can experience seizure remission. However, in some cases, early onset epilepsy was highly associated with various comorbidities and intractable seizures. Therefore, appropriate diagnosis and treatment are necessary to prevent further neuropsychiatric complications.