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Planck Mass Measured Totally Independent of Big G Utilizing McCulloch-HeisenbergNewtonian Equivalent Gravity

Espen Gaarder Haug

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Abstract

In 2014, McCulloch showed, in a new and interesting way, how to derive a gravity theoryfrom Heisenberg's uncertainty principle that is equivalent to Newtonian gravity. McCulloch utilizesthe Planck mass in his derivation and obtains a gravitational constant of ~cm2p. This is a compositeconstant, which is equivalent in value to Newton's gravitational constant. However, McCulloch haspointed out that his approach requires an assumption on the value of G, and that this involvessome circular reasoning. This is in line with the view that the Planck mass is a derived constantfrom Newton's gravitational constant, while big G is a universal fundamental constant. Here we willshow that we can go straight from the McCulloch derivation to measuring the Planck mass withoutany knowledge of the gravitational constant. From this perspective, there are no circular problemswith his method. This means that we can measure the Planck mass without Newton's gravitationalconstant, and shows that the McCulloch derivation is a theory of quantum gravity that stands onits own. Even more importantly, we show that we can easily measure the Schwarzschild radius ofa mass without knowing its mass, or Newton's gravitational constant, or the Planck constant. Thevery essence of gravity is linked to the Planck length and the speed of light, but here we will claimthat we do not need to know the Planck length itself. Our conclusion is that Newton's gravitationalconstant is a universal constant, but it is a composite constant of the form G =l2pc3~ where thePlanck length and the speed of light are the keys to gravity. This could be an important steptowards the development of a full theory of quantum gravity.

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In 2014, McCulloch showed, in a new and interesting way, how to derive a gravity theoryfrom Heisenberg's uncertainty principle that is equivalent to Newtonian gravity. McCulloch utilizesthe Planck mass in his derivation and obtains a gravitational constant of ~cm2p. This is a compositeconstant, which is equivalent in value to Newton's gravitational constant. However, McCulloch haspointed out that his approach requires an assumption on the value of G, and that this involvessome circular reasoning. This is in line with the view that the Planck mass is a derived constantfrom Newton's gravitational constant, while big G is a universal fundamental constant. Here we willshow that we can go straight from the McCulloch derivation to measuring the Planck mass withoutany knowledge of the gravitational constant. From this perspective, there are no circular problemswith his method. This means that we can measure the Planck mass without Newton's gravitationalconstant, and shows that the McCulloch derivation is a theory of quantum gravity that stands onits own. Even more importantly, we show that we can easily measure the Schwarzschild radius ofa mass without knowing its mass, or Newton's gravitational constant, or the Planck constant. Thevery essence of gravity is linked to the Planck length and the speed of light, but here we will claimthat we do not need to know the Planck length itself. Our conclusion is that Newton's gravitationalconstant is a universal constant, but it is a composite constant of the form G =l2pc3~ where thePlanck length and the speed of light are the keys to gravity. This could be an important steptowards the development of a full theory of quantum gravity.

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Available abstract

In 2014, McCulloch showed, in a new and interesting way, how to derive a gravity theoryfrom Heisenberg's uncertainty principle that is equivalent to Newtonian gravity. McCulloch utilizesthe Planck mass in his derivation and obtains a gravitational constant of ~cm2p. This is a compositeconstant, which is equivalent in value to Newton's gravitational constant. However, McCulloch haspointed out that his approach requires an assumption on the value of G, and that this involvessome circular reasoning. This is in line with the view that the Planck mass is a derived constantfrom Newton's gravitational constant, while big G is a universal fundamental constant. Here we willshow that we can go straight from the McCulloch derivation to measuring the Planck mass withoutany knowledge of the gravitational constant. From this perspective, there are no circular problemswith his method. This means that we can measure the Planck mass without Newton's gravitationalconstant, and shows that the McCulloch derivation is a theory of quantum gravity that stands onits own. Even more importantly, we show that we can easily measure the Schwarzschild radius ofa mass without knowing its mass, or Newton's gravitational constant, or the Planck constant. Thevery essence of gravity is linked to the Planck length and the speed of light, but here we will claimthat we do not need to know the Planck length itself. Our conclusion is that Newton's gravitationalconstant is a universal constant, but it is a composite constant of the form G =l2pc3~ where thePlanck length and the speed of light are the keys to gravity. This could be an important steptowards the development of a full theory of quantum gravity.

Key concepts: Planck length, Planck mass, Physics, Gravitational constant, Planck, Planck time, Gravitation, Planck constant

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