Comparing Rainwater Storage Options

Rainwater harvesting is a simple, eco-friendly, and effective way of collecting water from natural precipitation, which has been applied for many years in different countries. Types and characteristics of rainwater storage systems are determined regarding to the selected rainwater harvesting method and the usages of stored water. In other words, in comparison with rainwater storage systems, it is necessary to consider the characteristics of rainwater harvesting methods as well as the purpose of water storage. In this chapter, first a brief history of rainwater harvesting practices is given. Then main rainwater harvesting and storage options are reviewed and the most important parameters and considerations about them are introduced. In general, there are three ways of harvesting rainwater: surface runoff harvesting, rooftop rainwater harvesting, and rainwater harvesting in situ. Finally, a comparison between different types of rainwater harvesting and storage options, and advantages and disadvantages of each type is presented and discussed.