In vivo cholinesterase sensitivity of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) exposed to organophosphate compounds: Influence of biological factors

Two cholinesterases have been found in vertebrates, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). These enzymes are present in the gilthead seabream, AChE in the brain and muscle and BChE in the muscle. Cholinesterases have been used as biomarker of effect in environmental monitoring studies. However, there are few studies about the influence of biometric parameters on ChE. This paper studies the possible influence of biological factors on brain and muscle cholinesterase (ChE) in Sparus aurata. Our results show that ChE activity in brain and muscle tissues changes depending on several biological variables. ChE activity in these tissues decreased when the age (48–152 week), body length (14.15–28.95 cm) and body weight (42.73–380.74 g) of the fishes studied increased. The relationships between brain and muscle ChE activity and several biometric factors were curvilinear. On the other hand, in vivo sensitivity of cholinesterase in the gilthead seabream exposed to organophosphorus pesticides (azinphosmethyl, dimethoate and dichlorvos) was studied in order to learn about recovery from cholinesterase present (brain and muscle) after exposure to a sublethal dose. The recovery of muscle AChE was similar to cerebral AChE, while muscular BChE showed a slower recovery.