Surface Ground Movement Around a Steel Pipe Pile Foundation During Liquefaction Measured by Effective Stress Analysis

Several studies on liquefaction using physical model tests and numerical analysis have been conducted in recent years; however, few studies have investigated the effect of liquefaction-induced settlement on structures. Especially, this settlement seriously influences on gravity foundation during earthquake. This study aims to investigate the settlement of the surrounding ground of steel pipe sheet pile (SPSP) foundation during liquefaction by using an effective stress analysis. 2D numerical modeling was used in this study and the behavior of undrained soil was idealized using a cocktail glass model. The numerical results were compared with experimental results from a 1-G shaking table test with a scale of 1:60. The results indicate that the settlement of surface ground and SPSP foundation rapidly increase when the liquefaction occurs and is significantly influenced by permeability coefficient of ground.