Design and Optimization of Plane Microstrip Fractal Antenna Based on Y Structure

Self-similarity and fractal dimension are the special features of fractal graphics, which can be applied to improve the design of antenna. Compared to general antenna, fractal antenna has two distinct advantages: smaller size and multiple bands. In this paper, the designs of plane microstrip fractal antenna which based on Y structure, was proposed and researched the relations between parameters of antenna about the angle, length, orders and sum of the structure branch, and simulated from 0.8Ghz to 5Ghz. In order to get the optimal design, they would be modified one by one and the parameters would be changed during simulating. Especially focusing on the following results of the antenna, such as the resonance frequency, the reflection coefficient, the radiation patterns, radiation characteristics and gain, etc. The results of simulation showed that the design could reduce the size with high efficiency, which based on the fractal Y structure. It is proved that the design is suitable for the miniaturization of antenna.