Neuroprotective and memory improvement effects of a standardized extract of Emilia coccinea (SIMS) G. on animal models of anxiety and depression

The present study evaluated the putative effects of the methanolic extract of Emilia coccinea leaves (MEC) on the central nervous system, including anxiety, depression-like behavior, and memory, in Wistar rats. The behavioral assays included open-field, elevated plus maze, forced swimming and Y-maze. The antioxidant activity of the extract was also measured in vitro. MEC showed a significant antioxidant activity. It significantly increased the number of open arm entries and time spent in the open arms of the elevated plus maze test. The rearing time as well as the time spent at the centre of the open field was significantly increased. MEC also significantly decreased the number of lines crossed and the climbing time on this task. In the forced swimming test, the extract was as effective as Imipramine in inducing shortening of immobility time while after 3 days of treatment, it significantly improves spatial memory in the Y-maze task.