Functional electrical stimulation for restoration of gait and motor recovery after a stroke. Review of scientific literature

The article presents an analysis of studies on the use of functional electrical stimulation (FES) technology in the rehabilitation of patients after stroke. We reviewed the influence of FES on improving walking speed, kinematics, gait symmetry, the ability to overcome obstacles, the range of motion of the ankle and foot clearance during walking. In the review it is considered FES influence on reducing energy costs for walking, the frequency of falls and spasticity of muscles of the lower limbs. It is also discussed FES influence on increasing confidence and comfort while walking, the speed of adaptation and patient tolerance of functional electrical stimulation devices. A comparison is made of functional electrical stimulation with using ankle orthoses (AFO).