Programming at Compile Time

C++ offers many opportunities to write code that runs at compile time instead of at runtime. Templates, for example, provide a unique, functional programming environment, albeit one with a tortuous syntax. In C++ 20, some new keywords offer more precise ways for you to control what takes place at compile time instead of runtime. Some compile-time programming techniques are called metaprogramming, but this term is loosely defined and some may use it exclusively for programming with types instead of values. However you name it, compile-time programming is a valuable aspect of overall C++ programming.