2026Journal of Differential GeometryOpen access

Thick isotopy property and the mapping class groups of Heegaard splittings

Daiki Iguchi

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Abstract

We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the fundamental group of the space of Heegaard splittings of an irreducible 3-manifold to be finitely generated. The condition is exactly the conclusion of the thick isotopy lemma proved by Colding, Gabai and Ketover, which says that any isotopy of a Heegaard surface is achieved by a 1-parameter family of surfaces with area bounded above by a universal constant and with some "thickness property". We also prove that a Heegaard splitting of a hyperbolic or spherical 3-manifold satisfies the condition if it is topologically minimal (in the sense of Bachman) and its disk complex has finitely generated homotopy group. In conclusion, such a Heegaard splitting has finitely generated mapping class group.

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We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the fundamental group of the space of Heegaard splittings of an irreducible 3-manifold to be finitely generated. The condition is exactly the conclusion of the thick isotopy lemma proved by Colding, Gabai and Ketover, which says that any isotopy of a Heegaard surface is achieved by a 1-parameter family of surfaces with area bounded above by a universal constant and with some "thickness property". We also prove that a Heegaard splitting of a hyperbolic or spherical 3-manifold satisfies the condition if it is topologically minimal (in the sense of Bachman) and its disk complex has finitely generated homotopy group. In conclusion, such a Heegaard splitting has finitely generated mapping class group.

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Available abstract

We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the fundamental group of the space of Heegaard splittings of an irreducible 3-manifold to be finitely generated. The condition is exactly the conclusion of the thick isotopy lemma proved by Colding, Gabai and Ketover, which says that any isotopy of a Heegaard surface is achieved by a 1-parameter family of surfaces with area bounded above by a universal constant and with some "thickness property". We also prove that a Heegaard splitting of a hyperbolic or spherical 3-manifold satisfies the condition if it is topologically minimal (in the sense of Bachman) and its disk complex has finitely generated homotopy group. In conclusion, such a Heegaard splitting has finitely generated mapping class group.

Key concepts: Isotopy, Heegaard splitting, Mapping class group, Manifold (fluid mechanics), Mathematics, Space (punctuation), Combinatorics, Class (philosophy)

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