Hierarchy Concepts in Design and Synthesis of Nanocatalysts

Abstract High‐performance catalytic nanomaterials (nanocatalysts) are normally more complex than their phase‐pure counterparts in terms of preparation processes and physicochemical properties. Therefore, more thoughtful considerations are required on various hierarchy‐related issues in their design and synthesis, especially when deciding their composition, mass, activity, selectivity, reactivity, stability, surface, texture, porosity, structure, size, shape, density, and even cost for a system under development. In this Concept article, we will address some general considerations and approaches with respect to the design and synthesis of nanocatalysts. In particular, architectural conceivability, materials selection, synthetic technique and integration strategy will be discussed. Furthermore, we will use the development of integrated nanocatalysts as examples to highlight some key hierarchical issues and snapshot a few representative practices. Finally, a number of suggestions regarding future research directions are also proposed on the basis of personal perspective.