Trochlear Nerve Palsy: A Review of Etiology, Incidence, Diagnostic Methods, and Treatment Alternatives

Trochlear nerve palsy is the most common palsy among the other cranial nerve palsies. It causes superior oblique muscle palsy which presents with diplopia and the compensatory head position. Several diverse surgical alternatives are available for both congenital and acquired, superior oblique palsy. Each patient should be extensively evaluated to perform a correct operation with a high success rate. In this review etiologic factors, incidence, clinical findings and different treatment methods of superior oblique muscle palsy is presented.