Prevalence and risk factors of Ureplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma genitalium among women with secondary infertility in Vietnam – A cross-sectional study

Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma genitalium are infectious pathogens resulting in non-gonococcal urethritis and complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and infertility. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of U. urealyticum and M. genitalium in women with secondary infertility and the related factors to these infections. This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out from July 2017 to June 2018. Cervical specimens were collected from women with secondary infertility at the Center for Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Hue University Hospital, Vietnam. PCR was applied for detection of U. urealyticum and M. genitalium. Tubal patency was assessed by hysterosalpingography. Prevalence of U. urealyticum and M. genitalium were 37.9% and 2.1%, respectively. The association was not statistically significant among infection and the following factors like age, educational level, occupation, history of miscarriage, history of genital infection and abdominal surgery, or infertility duration (p > 0.05). There was a statistically significant correlation between U. urealyticum infection and tubal damage according to hysterosalpingography (p < 0.05). In the case of women with secondary infertility, genital infection with M. genitalium was rare, whereas that with U. urealyticum infection was high and appeared to be associated with tubal damage.