Advances on antibiotic resistance mechanism of Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Neisseria gonorrhoeae has developed resistance to sulfonamides, penicillins, tetracyclines and quinolones. The susceptibility to first line drugs of cephalosporins and spectinomycins has gradually decreased, and the sporadic reports of resistant isolates are increasing. In this paper, the antibiotic resistance mechanisms are reviewed, including the reduction of antibiotic target binding efficiency due to target modification, antimicrobial degradation or modification by enzymes, the increased efflux of antibiotics, and the decreased influx. The objective of this review is to provide evidences for new antibiotics development and new strategies for controlling the antibiotic resistance. Key words: Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Antibiotics; Resistance mechanism