BRAF and NRAS oncogenes and malignant melanoma

Recently,there has been a gradual rise in the incidence and mortality of melanoma,and the age at onset of melanoma has tended to be younger.Environmental and genetic susceptibility factors compose the major mechanisms of malignant melanoma.Studies have shown that BRAF and NRAS genes in the RASRAF-MEK-ERK pathway are closely associated with the pathogenesis of sporadic malignant melanoma.BRAF appears to be the most frequently mutated gene in melanoma,and is also a research focus in the specific targeted therapy of melanoma.This paper describes the important roles of BRAF and NRAS mutations in the formation,occurrence and development of melanoma,as well as the value of BRAF mutation in the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma. Key words: Melanoma;  Proto-oncogene proteins B-raf;  NRAS;  Mutation