Analysis of bone micro-CT results of patients with bone deformation exposed to high aluminum high fluoride

Objective To analyze high alumina deformation Micro-CT findings of bone in patients with skeletal fluorosis in Shuicheng Guizhou Province.Methods Bone deformation children,youth and middle-aged patients with fluorosis in Goumi and Zhichang Townships Shuicheng County,coal-burning pollution endemic fluorosis areas,were selected as case group,and non-bone deformation children,youth,and children from non-fluorosis endemic areas as controls.Tibia and the anterior superior iliac spine tissue were obtained through orthopedic surgery and etiology examination,and resin embedded without decalcification.Resin-embedded bone tissue was scanned using micro-CT; relevant parameters were analyzed with ABA special bone analysis software INVEON Research Workplace and three dimensional reconstruction processing software Micview.Results ①The anterior superior iliac spine cancellous bone:compared between bone deformation children and bone non-deformation children in the diseased areas,there was an increasing tendency of the following items:relative volume of trabecular bone(0.337％ vs 0.229％),absolute thickness (μm:139 vs 133),quantities within a unit length (number/mm:2.44 vs 1.72),density woven degree of trabecular bone(number/mm:2.22 vs 1.54) and bone mineral density(mg/cm3:1 033 vs 918),while relative bone area of trabecular bone(mm2/mm3:14.5 vs 15.1) and space pitch (μm:0.274 vs 0.567) declined.Compared between bone deformation youth and bone non-deformation youth in the diseased areas,relative volume of trabecular bone was lower(0.217％ vs 0.437％),relative area increased (mm2/mm3:16.9 vs 11.6),absolute thickness reduced(μm:118 vs 172),trabecular number reduced (number/mm:1.83 vs 2.54),and space pitch increased (μm:0.427 vs 0.222),but density woven degree of trabecular bone increased (number/mm:4.61 vs 1.54),bone mineral density decreased(mg/cm3:977 vs 1 108),osteopenia,osteoporosis,bone mineral decreased,and an increase in the number of trabeculae crossing number.② Tibia bone tissue:compared between bone deformation children and bone non-deformation children in the diseased areas,relative volume of tibia trabecular bone increased(0.435％ vs 0.206％),relative volume of trabecular bone (mm2/mm3:12.3vs 12.4),and thickness (μm:188 vs 161) not changed obviously,trabecular number increased (number/mm:2.43 vs 1.28),space pitch reduced(μm:0.238 vs 0.621),density woven degree of trabecular bone decreased(number/mm:2.40 vs 3.48),bone mineral density increased(mg/cm3:1 047 vs 952),in general presented trabecular thickening,increased number and increased bone mineral.Compared between middle-aged patients with fluorosis in the diseased areas and children in non-fluorosis endemic areas,relative volume of trabecular bone (0.346％ vs 0.206％) and area (mm2/mm3:13.8 vs 12.4) increased,thickness of the trabecular bone reduced (μm:144 vs 161),trabecular number increased (number/mm:1.98 vs 1.28),space pitch decreased (μm:0.318 vs 0.621),and density woven degree of trabecular bone decreased (number/mm:2.60 vs 3.48).Conclusions The results of trabecular bone microstructure and bone mineral density have showed that the combined effects of aluminum and fluorine on human bone tissue at different developmental stages are different.High aluminum and fluorine load before the sexual development of children for trabecular bone thick dense,shows an increasing in bone mass and bone mineral deposition of bone sclerosis image.Bone deformation youth shows osteopenia osteoporosis and bone mineral deposition is reduced.Bone volume is slightly increased,the number of trabecular bone is increasing,trabecular structure is fine in middle-aged patients with skeletal fluorosis. Key words: Aluminum ;  Fluoride poisoning;  Osteomalacia;  Sclerotin