The prevention and analysis of iatrogenic ureteral injury by ureteroscopy

Objective To summarize the causes,treaments and prevention of ureteral injury caused by ureteroscopy.Methods The clinical data of 47 cases of ureteral injuries in 1270 cases of ureteroscopy with holmium laser lithotripsy were reviewed retrospectively.Results Totally 47 patients had ureteral injuries,of whom,21 cases(l.65％ ) had severe dilaceration of the ureteral orifice,11 cases (0.86％) of false passage,12 cases (0.94％ ) of ureteral perforation,3 cases (0.23％ ) of completed avulsion of the ureter.Forty-two paitents were treated by indwelling doubl J sents and 5 paitents by open surgery.Conclusions The management of ureteral injury and complication and were closely related with the expericence of the operator,strengthening preoperative training,the surgical technique is the key to reduce the failue rate and complications in ureteroscopy,and the injury should be detected timely and properly handled. Key words: Ureteroscopy;  Uretr injury;  Complication