2013•International Journal of Dermatology and VenereologyRequires access

Advances in the treatment of refractory port wine stains

Jing Xing Gao, Sheng-xiu Liu, Sen Yang

Abstract

Port wine stain (PWS) is a common congenital vascular malformation.Pulsed dye laser (PDL) has been the golden standard for PWS treatment for a long time.However,only rare cases can achieve complete clearance after PDL treatment.Moreover,some PWS cases are resistant to PDL treatment and may adversely influence the mental and physical health in patients.It is still an urgent challenge for cosmetic dermatologists to manage PDL-resistant PWS.The authors review the latest development in the treatment of refractory PWS,including reformed PDL,photodynamic therapy (PDT),PDL plus PDT,and PDL plus vasodilator inhibitor. Key words: Port-wine stain; Therapy; Pulsed dye laser; Photochemotherapy

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Key concepts: Port-wine stain, Port wine, Medicine, Refractory (planetary science), Dermatology, Photodynamic therapy, Stain, Intense pulsed light