Efficacy and safety of the fixed combination of lisinopril plus hydrochlorothiazide in treatment of patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension: a multicenter, observational study

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the fixed combination of lisinopril plus hydrochlorothiazide in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension in the real world. Methods This retrospective multicenter survey was conducted in departments of cardiology outpatient of 16 secondary or tertiary hospitals nationwide from June 2015 to August 2016 and included patients with grade 1st or 2nd essential hypertension who had received the fixed combination of lisinopril plus hydrochlorothiazide for at least 8 weeks. Patients were interviewed by a specially trained survey doctor and patients to complete the questionnaire and review electronic or paper medical records to assess the efficacy and safety of lisinopril hydrochlorothiazide tablets in the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension. Results A total of 1 017 patients were enrolled, including 509 males (50.1%) and 508 females (49.9%) with an average age of (59.8±12.0) years. The mean reductions in SBP and DBP after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment were (25.3±10.9)/(13.1±6.5) mmHg and (30.3±9.7)/(15.7±6.2) mmHg, respectively. The control rates were 72.7% and 96.7% after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment, respectively. The most frequently reported adverse reaction was dry cough (5.9%), followed by dizziness (0.7%), fatigue (0.5%), headache (0.5%), palpitation (0.1%), and symptomatic hypotension (0.1%). Conclusions The fixed combination of lisinopril plus hydrochlorothiazide is effective and safe in treatment of grade 1-2 essential hypertension. Key words: Hypertension; Lisinopril plus hydrochlorothiazide; Efficacy; Safety