Identification of QTLs for traits related to water deficit stress in spring wheat

To identify QTLs for various traits under water deficit stress condition in spring wheat, 148 recombinant inbred lines and two parent lines, ‘YecoraRojo’ and ‘No. 49’, were evaluated at two location in Miandoab and Mahabad during 2014-2016. A linkage map consists of 177 microsatellite and 51 retrotransposon markers was used. There was a significant difference between the 150 genotypes for all traits. In both normal irrigation and water deficit conditions, both positive and negative transgressive segregations for stem length, peduncle weight, thousand kernel weight, biological yield, grain yield, harvest index, day to flowering, days to physiological mature, grain filling period, leaf partition, remobilization of assimilates and assimilates portion in grain yield were observed. Result of QTL analysis based on CIM method showed in normal irrigation condition 13 QTL, 16 QTL × environments, 49 additive × additive epistatic effects and 52 QTL × QTL× environment interactions were detected. The range of justification for phenotypic variation for QTLs ranged from 0.10 to 13.6% (for thousand kernel weight and day to physiological mature), For QTL × environments, between 1.14% and 6.6% (for grain filling period and day to physiological mature), For QTL × QTL epistatic effect in the ranged from 0.16 to 13.66% (for days to heading and grain filling period) and for QTL × QTL× environment interactions in the range of 0.04 to 17.4% (for leaf partition and stem partition). In water deficit conditions, 12 QTLs, 3 QTL× environment interactions, 35 additive × additive inactions and 44 QTL × QTL × environment interactions were identified. the range of justification for phenotypic variation for QTLs ranged from 4.46 to 12.44% (for grain filling period and day to heading), For QTL × environment interactions, between 0.02% and 6.02% (for day to heading and grain filling period), For QTL × QTL epistatic effect in the ranged from 0.04 to 14.25% (Biological yield and stem length) and QTL × QTL× environment interactions in the range of 0.04 to 11.22% (For stem length and spike per square meter). Also, in average of two conditions 32 QTLs, 71 QTL× environment interactions, 97 additive × additive interactions and 71 QTL × QTL× environment interactions were detected. The range of justification for phenotypic variation for QTLs ranged from 0.02 to 10.36% (for grain yield and stem partition), For QTL × environments, between 0.56% and 6.28% (for grain yield and peduncle weight), For QTL × QTL epistatic effect ranged from 0.02 to 9.16% (for stem weight and stem partition) and for QTL × QTL× environment interactions in the range of 0.3 to 9.64% (for day to heading and number of spikes per square meter).