Effect of early tracheotomy on the prognosis of patients with serious brain lesions in intensive medicine

Objective To investigate the effects of early tracheotomy on the prognosis of patients with severe brain lesions .Methods The clinical data of 68 patients with severe brain lesions were retrospectively analyzed . According to the time of tracheotomy ,we assigned 68 patients to receive either early tracheotomy or late tracheotomy . 34 patients who were given tracheotomy within 72 hours in Intensive Care Unit were selected as the early tracheotomy group （ET group）.34 patients who were given tracheotomy after 14 days in Intensive Care Unit were selected as the late tracheotomy group（LT group）.The time of mechanical ventilation,length of hospital stay,and the incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia （ VAP ） , sedative drug use time , antibiotic use time , in-hospital mortality were compared between the two groups.Results In ET group,the hospitalization time,mechanical ventilation time, incidence of VAP,sedative drug use time,antibiotic use time were （4.2 ±2.4）d,（3.5 ±0.6）d,（14.5 ±3.2）%, （1.5 ±0.5）d,（3.3 ±0.3）d,those in LT group were （12.5 ±4.8）d,（8.5 ±5.6）d,（28.6 ±8.6）%,（6.3 ±1.2）d, （13.2 ±1.1） d respectively,the differences between the two groups were statistically significant （ t =3.14,2.96, 3.28,3.46,2.57,all P〈0.05）.The hospitalization mortality rates of ET group ,LT group were （23.8 ±4.38）%, （24.5 ±4.16）%,respectively no significant difference between the two groups （ t=1.49,P〈0.05）.Conclusion The use of early tracheotomy can reduce the hospitalization time ,shorten the time of mechanical ventilation ,reduce the incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia ,and reduce the time of using sedative drugs and antibiotics ,but the mor-tality has no significant effect in the severe craniocerebral injury patients . Key words: Tracheotomy ;  Craniocerebral trauma;  Stroke ;  Prognosis