Gentamicin Nephrotoxicity in Animal Model: Study of Kidney Histopathology and Physiological Functions

Abstract The purpose of this study was to analyze abnormal changes in kidney histology and physiology in acute kidney injury animal models with multiple doses of gentamicin. Induction of experimental animals was carried out on 20 rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain which were divided into 4 groups, group I was a negative control group, groups II, III and IV are gentamicin-induced groups at doses of 30 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg, and 50 mg/kg, respectively. Kidney histopathology were stained with Hematoxylin Eosin (HE), while analysis of serum BUN and creatinine by spectrophotometric method. Data analysis for kidney histopathology was descriptively while for BUN and Creatinine were statistically tested with one way ANOVA. The results of this study showed there was a kidney damage in all gentamicin-induced groups, which is necrosis in the contortus tubule and the Bowman’s capsule compared to the negative control group. The group of rats with the higher doses of gentamicin showed a more severe level of histopathological changes, however, BUN and creatinine levels were not significantly different (p> 0.05). This study concludes that gentamicin induction could cause kidney histopathological changes but not kidney physiology.