[Aging-related frailty and sarcopenia. Frailty and sarcopenia in the centenarians.]

The aging of society is coming up in Japan and it is one of the most important issues for us to prevent or reduce frailty and sarcopenia, two major causes of disability in older adults. In centenarians, the frailty and sarcopenia could be key factors to determine the prognosis. Maintaining both physical and cognitive functions influences the improvement of QOL and the independence of ADL. Recent studies have demonstrated pathogenic roles of age-related inflammatory activation(inflammaging), and some of circulation biomarkers for frailty are developed. It is important to prevent frailty and sarcopenia by caring a lifestyle from the earlier ages in life, preparing for the aging society with healthy status.