Energy from urban wastes: report on a Focus Group discussion

This discussion represents a qualitative assessment of the dimensions of opinion concerning the commercialization potential of urban-waste technologies. It was generally agreed that energy production from urban wastes is technically feasible and, in certain situations, commercially viable, but that is unlikely that the resource will provide more than a small fraction of national energy supply. Barriers to the commercialization of the urban-waste energy-production systems that were discussed include problems in serving long-term contracts, uncertainty about environmntal laws, problems with the supply of refuse, disposal and use of residue, uncertainties about future tax laws, legal barriers, technical reliability, and citizen dissent. The general feeling was that these barriers would be overcome over time as experience with production systems is gained. Potential government policies that received expressions of support include long-term sales commitments, grandfather clauses in new environmental laws, and legal aid to municipalities. However, there was little indication of either the need for or the desirability of large-scale direct government action in this area. In general, participants' views seemed to agree with the criticality assessments made previously by DOE. The only major additional consideration was the potential benefits and conflicts involved in the relationship between recycling and energy use of urban wastes. There was also marked disagreement between participants and DOE about the relative importance of safety regulations. They were not generally aware of any such regulations that would have a major impact on their business.