Preoperative non-stimulated adrenal venous sampling index for predicting outcomes of adrenalectomy for unilateral primary aldosteronism

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to predict outcomes of adrenalectomy for unilateral primary aldosteronism (PA) using non-stimulated adrenal venous sampling (AVS) indices and the standardized Primary Aldosteronism Surgical Outcome (PASO) criteria. METHODS: Patients with unilateral PA who underwent adrenalectomy based on non-stimulated AVS and had follow-up data regarding surgical outcomes between 2011 and 2016 were enrolled. Demographic data and non-stimulated AVS indices, including lateralization index (LI) and contralateral suppression, were collected for analysis. RESULTS: This study included 54 patients who underwent adrenalectomy. Clinical and biochemical outcomes were evaluated in all patients and in 52 (96.3%) patients, respectively. Complete clinical and biochemical success was achieved in 31 (57.4%) of 54 patients and 42 (80.8%) of 52 patients, respectively. An LI > 4 was significantly associated with complete clinical and biochemical success (OR = 4.30, 95% CI 1.18-15.68, p = 0.03, and OR = 7.55, 95% CI 1.28-44.47, p = 0.03, respectively). Contralateral suppression was an independent predictor of complete biochemical success (OR = 17.27, 95% CI 1.95-153.21, p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Non-stimulated AVS indices including LI and contralateral suppression are reliable preoperative determinants for predicting the outcomes of adrenalectomy in patients with unilateral PA. Our findings provide more evidence and confidence to clinicians when applying non-stimulated AVS to determine PA treatment.