Vermicides activities of trunk barks and leaves of Khaya senegalensis A. Juss (Meliaceae)

The use of plants for therapeutic purposes in Africa is an integral part of culture and tradition. However, as sources of new active substances, a high percentage of plant species is not yet studied. The aim of the present work was to highlight the vermicidal and antispasmodic pharmacological properties of the trunk bark and leaves of Khaya senegalensis A Juss (Meliaceae), which would justify its traditional use. An aqueous extraction by maceration was carried out of the trunk bark and leaves was performed and phytochemical analysis of the extracts studied by thin layer chromatography. An investigation of the cholinergic system in vitro on the earthworm and ex vivo on the isolated intestine of the rats with the extracts was carried out. NMRI strain mice were used for the acute toxicity studies. The phytochemical screening of the extracts studied revealed the presence of chemical groups such as saponosides, tannins, flavonoids, etc., with variations in levels between the two parts of the plant. In vitro, les effets vermicides des extraits de feuilles (CL = 8,04 mg/mL) et des écorces du tronc (CL = 3,44 mg/mL) étaient comparables au Combifrinil® (CL = 3,92 mg/mL). The lethal 50% oral dose of the extracts was greater than 5000 mg / kg. Inhibitory concentrations of aqueous macerates were 1.936 mg/mL for leaves and 0.975 mg/mL for trunk bark. These results would justify the efficacy and safety of plant extracts in the treatment of some intestinal parasitosis in traditional therapeutics.