Information and Value

The article considers a unit of information as a difference between two things exchanged. The opposite of subjective definitions of value makes exchange mutually beneficial. It reveals the immanent contradiction inherent in the exchanged things, which activates the forces of repulsion and attraction. The identity, difference, and their symmetry, which characterize the interaction of the exchange elements, carry information about their internally inherent structure and organization. It is proved that the information necessary for the agents is born in the process of exchange. It can only be detected in the act of choice. The article traces connection of the information with the energy of interests of the exchange participants, their actions, thoughts, completed and unfinished acts. A conclusion is made about the coordinating role of market prices as a system that brings together the agents’ activities by transmitting knowledge in a simplified form.