Studies on the Chemical Constituents of Aqueous Extracts from the Bark of Phyllanthus Acidus

Phyllanthus acidus is a plant that widely distributed in Asian country that belonging to the Euphorbiaccae family. The objectives of this study were to obtain different crude extracts by using different solvents, to isolate and characterize the chemical compounds from the crude extracts by several chromatographic and spectroscopic methods, and to evaluate the antibacterial properties of crude extracts from bark of Phyllanthus acidus. Extraction of P. acidus was performed using the aqueous extraction method with the effect of solvent system of water and ethanol mixture with ratio of 80:20. Different organic solvents such as hexane, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate were used on solvent-solvent partitioning process to obtain the different crude extracts according to their polarity. Isolation the chemical entities from the crude extracts by using chromatographic such as column chromatography and thin layer chromatography. Characterization of the isolated compounds was done by using various spectroscopic methods such as NMR, IR, UV, and GCMS. Based on results, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate crudes showed better results on the phytochemicals analysis compared to hexane crude, and both of the dichloromethane and ethyl acetate crudes also showed positive results on antibacterial activities. Two compounds, namely meso-hydrobenzoin (compound A) and 2-ethylhexyl isonicotinate (compound B), were obtained from the fractions of dichloromethane crude of the bark of Phyllanthus acidus. These compounds are first reported from natural resources.