A RESEARCH ON DISPOSAL OF INSTITUTIONAL SOLID WASTE BY THE APPLICATION OF VARIOUS COMPOSTING AND LANDFILL METHODOLOGIES

Solid waste is one of the third pollutions which is next to air pollution and water pollution. Now a days, civil engineers who are working under municipal sanitation departments, are facing lot of problems, to manage the municipal solid waste (MSW).Generation of municipal solid waste continues to rise, which leads to loss of resources and increased Environmental risks. The improper collection, transportation, separation and handling will increase the risk caused by the solid waste. The conventional treatment of wastes such as open dumping and land filling cause environmental Degradation. Municipal Solid Waste consists of more than 40 percent of organic waste, so composting most of this waste would be the best way to reduce the quantity to one fourth resulting in nutrient rich soil amendment. Since the major fraction of wastes generated in India is organic wastes, composting has emerged as one of the Best methods for treatment of wastes. Composting, besides reducing the volume of waste generated and providing nutrients for plants, also helps in segregation of waste at source. As a CIVIL Engineering role point of view, to dispose the waste is not only permanent solution but also collection of the valuable nutrients present in the solid waste, by the disposal of composting and land filling methods which converts the useless waste to useful product which strengthen the soil stability if we used an alternative to chemical fertilizer. In this experimentation, we have summarized the different treatments of MSW and factors affecting composting. Municipal solid waste compost is increasingly used in agriculture as a soil conditioner but also as a fertilizer.