A Deterministic Propagation Model for the Rough Earth

The paper gives the highlights of a deterministic mathematical model for the prediction of the field generated at any point by radio waves propagated over the rough earth. The model considers all wave paths associated with surface discontinuities and identifies those that contribute to a first order approximation. It accounts for the effects of refraction, reflection and diffraction and gives formulas for the terminal field and for the reflection coefficient. Space limitation has made unavoidable omission of many details, proofs, references, etc. The additional material, is documented in the Reference.