Chromatography (Paper and Thin-layer chromatography) Techniques and Applications

Chromatography technique for separation of the component and a mixture on the basis of relative amount of each solute distribution between a moving fluid stream, called mobile phase and stationary phase. Chromatography is an essential biophysical technique that allows the separation, identification, and purification of the components of a mixture for qualitative and quantitative analysis. Proteins can be purified based on features such as size and shape, total charge, hydrophobic groups present on the surface, and binding capacity with the stationary phase. Four separation methods based on molecular traits and interaction type use mechanisms of ion exchange, surface adsorption, partition and size exclusion. Other chromatography processes are based on the stationary bed, including column, thin layer, and paper chromatography. Column chromatography is one of the most familiar methods of protein purification. Keywords: Chromatography, Paper chromatography, Thin-layer chromatography, Applications