A New Theory of Cosmology Without the Curving Spacetime of the Equivalence Principle

The above photo of the Andromeda Galaxy is definitive proof there is absolutely no change in the momentum vectors of any photons when they pass through the extended gravitational fields of stars. If each photon in this picture was not lined up perfectly in Euclidian space and time with its emitting star, the photo would appear as a quite dim homogenous grey cloud. Any photons moving through a non-Euclidian curving gravitational spacetime would completely blur astronomical observations beyond recognition. There can be no gravitational deflection of any photon’s path through empty space without the ultimate destruction of astronomy. All photons, from gamma rays to radio waves, would be jumbled together and coming to us on trajectories far removed from their original emission vectors. Actual physical measurements of the solar deflection of photons show the effect to be an optical illusion without any change in a photon’s actual path through Euclidian space. The apparent angle of curvature is measured as changes in the gravitational momentum of Earth and not by any gravitational effect of the sun. These measurements show conclusively that the downward pointing gravity of Einstein’s equivalent principle is false and verify that Earth falls up.